![]() Hence, treatment for acute insomnia is focused on avoiding or withdrawing the precipitant, if possible, and supporting the acute distress of not sleeping with short-term use of hypnotics if symptoms are significant. Once the precipitating event passes, sleep settles back to its usual pattern. 6 Generally, acute insomnia is triggered by precipitating events such as ill health, change of medication or circumstances, or stress. 6 Having a sleep experience that does not meet our expectation, such as with some transient awakenings but with good daytime functioning, does not constitute insomnia.Īcute insomnia is defined as sleep disturbance meeting the DSM-5 definition of insomnia, but with symptoms occurring for less than 4 weeks. Insomnia is defined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) as difficulty getting to sleep, staying asleep or having non-restorative sleep despite having adequate opportunity for sleep, together with associated impairment of daytime functioning, with symptoms being present for at least 4 weeks. 3 Insomnia doubles the risk of future development of depression, and insomnia symptoms together with shortened sleep are associated with hypertension. Around 50% of patients with depression have comorbid insomnia, and depression and sleep disturbance are, respectively, the first and third most common psychological reasons for patient encounters in general practice. 1, 2 Insomnia can occur as a primary disorder or, more commonly, it can be comorbid with other physical or mental disorders. Australian population surveys have shown that 13%–33% of the adult population have regular difficulty either getting to sleep or staying asleep. I nsomnia is a very common disorder that has significant long-term health consequences. Statistics, epidemiology and research design.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clinical management of behavioral insomnia of childhood. The extraordinary importance of sleep: the detrimental effects of inadequate sleep on health and public safety drive an explosion of sleep research. Prevalence of causes of insomnia in primary care: a cross-sectional study. doi:10.5664/jcsm.7954Īrroll B, Fernando A 3rd, Falloon K, Goodyear-Smith F, Samaranayake C, Warman G. An objective measure of drowsy driving: are we there yet? J Clin Sleep Med. Comparative effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a systematic review. Mitchell MD, Gehrman P, Perlis M, Umscheid CA. Prevalence of chronic insomnia in adult patients and its correlation with medical comorbidities. Waking frequently to care for a child, ill loved one, or petīhaskar S, Hemavathy D, Prasad S.Use of stimulating drugs: These include coffee, alcohol, some prescription medications (such as those for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), or illegal drugs.Use of electronics at bedtime: These include TV, cell phones, gaming devices, and/or computers, as the artificial light inhibits sleep and promotes a restless mind.Lack of regular exercise or physical activity.Frequent travel to different time zones: While jet lag is not insomnia, frequent jet lag can develop into prolonged sleep issues such as insomnia. ![]() Frequent environmental disturbances: These include light, temperature (too cold or too hot), or noise disrupting sleep.Family history: Researchers believe there may be a genetic component to insomnia as it tends to run in families.Comorbid conditions: These include as obesity, diabetes, lung problems, and heart disease. ![]()
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